Shiv Kumar Batalvi, the luminous yet melancholic poet of Punjabi literature, occupies a revered space in the hearts of millions. Known for his deeply romantic verses, rich in passion, pathos, and the agony of separation, Shiv Kumar’s life was as poignant as his poetry. Born on July 23, 1936, in the village of Barapind in Punjab, now in Pakistan, Shiv lived a short yet impactful life that left an indelible mark on Punjabi literature. His writings, heavily influenced by love and longing themes, earned him the ‘Birha Da Sultan’ (King of Yearning) title.

A Literary Journey Like No Other

Shiv Kumar Batalvi’s literary genius emerged early in life. His poetry resonated with the youth of his time, as it spoke of raw, relatable, and timeless emotions. Shiv’s work was groundbreaking, capturing the essence of human suffering in the context of love and loss.

He became the youngest recipient of the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1967 for his verse play, Loona (1965), based on the ancient legend of Puran Bhagat. The play not only reimagined an age-old tale, but also redefined Punjabi literature by introducing a modern genre of kissa (epic storytelling). Writers and critics hailed Loona as a masterpiece, with some even comparing Shiv’s depth of expression to that of William Blake or John Keats.

Renowned Punjabi poet, Amrita Pritam, once described Shiv Kumar as a poet who “turned grief into art, making his verses immortal.” Like his contemporaries Mohan Singh and Pritam herself, Shiv Kumar’s poetry transcended borders, resonating deeply with audiences on both sides of the Indo-Pak partition.

Themes of Passion and Pain

Shiv Kumar’s poetry was a delicate interplay of heightened emotions. His most celebrated works, such as Ajj Din Chhadeya Tere Rang Warga and Mainu Vida Karo, encapsulate the emotional turbulence of love, the pangs of separation, and the inescapable sorrow of human existence. His words, drenched in melancholy, often reflected his struggles.

Shiv Kumar Batalvi’s Visit to England in 1972

In May 1972, Shiv Kumar Batalvi embarked on a trip to England, where his fame had already preceded him. The Punjabi diaspora in the UK was eager to meet and listen to the poet whose words had touched their souls. Public functions, poetry recitations, and private gatherings were organized in his honour, particularly in cities like Coventry. Shiv’s engagements received extensive coverage in the local Indian media, and he was even interviewed by BBC Television. While the Punjabi community enjoyed the opportunity to hear him speak and recite poetry on various occasions, his time in London took a toll on his health. 

At these events, Shiv captivated audiences with his soulful renditions of his poems. Many prominent figures from the Punjabi literary world, including Santokh Singh Dhir, Kuldip Takhar, and Tarsem Purewal, attended these functions. The famous artist Sobha Singh even travelled at his own expense to meet Shiv, illustrating the poet’s profound impact on his contemporaries.

Shiv Kumar’s popularity during his England visit was also recognized by the British media. The BBC interviewed him, a significant acknowledgement of his literary stature. However, behind the facade of public admiration, Shiv was battling inner demons.

Struggles with Alcoholism and Failing Health

Shiv Kumar’s visit to London, while a high point in his literary career, marked a turning point in his life. Struggling with depression and sorrow, he turned to alcohol as an escape. Late-night drinking sessions further deteriorated his already fragile health.

Upon returning from England, Shiv was diagnosed with liver cirrhosis. The severity of his illness plunged his family into a financial crisis, forcing his wife, Aruna Batalvi, to take him to her maternal village for care. Despite her efforts, Shiv Kumar succumbed to his illness on May 7, 1973, leaving behind a legacy that would inspire generations to come.

A Poet Beyond Borders

Shiv Kumar’s poetry continues to resonate with Punjabi-speaking audiences across the globe. His works have been translated into several languages, and his verses have been set to music by contemporary artists, ensuring that his legacy endures.

Poet Hardev Singh Virk, reflecting on Shiv’s contributions, remarked, “Shiv was not just a poet; he was a phenomenon. His poetry captured the essence of human emotions, making him timeless.”

Remembering Shiv Kumar Batalvi

Today, Shiv Kumar Batalvi’s poetry stands tall alongside the works of Punjabi literary stalwarts such as Mohan Singh and Amrita Pritam. His life, though tragically short, was a testament to the power of art as an expression of human suffering and love.

In Shiv Kumar Batalvi, the world finds a poet who lived his verses—a man who bore the weight of his sorrows and transformed them into timeless art. As the poet himself wrote in one of his most famous lines:

“Mainu vida karo, ajj din chhadeya, tere rang warga…”

(Bid me farewell, for the day that dawns today mirrors your hues…)

Indeed, Shiv’s hues remain immortal, colouring the landscape of Punjabi literature forever.